Animals Involved
Rodents are usual reservoir host; also in domestic and wild cats, occasionally cattle, other mammals
Known Distributions
Parts of Europe and Asia
Probable Means of Spreading
Contact exposure via broken skin, bites, scratches
Clinical Manifestations in People
Papules, vesicles that become pustular, to ulcerative nodules, scars; single or multiple lesions, often on hands; regional adenopathy and malaise, flulike symptoms in some; lesions remain localized in healthy people; more extensive or generalized disease may be seen in children, people with eczema, immunocompromised; severe cases can involve respiratory mucosa; rare fatal cases (eg, complications of encephalitis)