Animals Involved
Hosts vary with parasite species; definitive hosts include domestic and wild pigs, rodents, muskrats, arctic foxes, dogs, sea otters, other terrestrial and marine mammals; intermediate hosts are beetles, cockroaches, crustaceans; fish are paratenic hosts
Known Distributions
Worldwide
Probable Means of Spreading
Ingestion of infected beetles, other intermediate hosts, or fish
Clinical Manifestations in People
Gastroenteritis, may lead to gut perforation or intestinal obstruction; some cases asymptomatic